The role of trait extraversion in shaping proactive behavior: a multilevel examination of the impact of high-activated positive affect

This daily diary study examines the different functions of personality trait extraversion in shaping proactive behavior at both between-person and within-person levels. Building on the affect-as-resources perspective, the authors propose that personality trait extraversion is positively related to higher levels of high-activated PA, and consequently more proactive behavior at the between-person level. However, it mitigates the positive relationship between daily high-activated PA and daily proactive behavior at the within-person level. Results of a multilevel path model using data collected from 122 individuals for 10 consecutive working days support the hypotheses. This study advances our understanding of the role of personality trait extraversion in shaping individual proactive behavior at different levels.