Do emerging market business groups outperform at exporting?

Business groups (BGs) are collections of legally independent multi-business entities coordinated through a central entity. They primarily operate in emerging markets, prominent examples being Samsung, Hyundai, and Tata Group. BG are widely viewed as an efficiency-enhancing organizational form that internalizes transactions across affiliates: this can increase the efficiency of resource allocation, especially in contexts where high transaction costs limit arms-length transactions through markets. Hence, with their superior access to resources, notably capital, knowledge and labour, BGs can support their affiliated firms to improve their performance. But, do their advantages extend to international markets: are they better exporters than non-affiliated firms?