The dangers of false news: how sensational content and outgroup cues strengthen support for violence and anti-muslim policies

Does reading sensationalized false news stories make people more violent and dis- criminatory? Research on false news has focused more on its di↵usion and less on its e↵ects. This study tested the e↵ects of sensationalization, outgroup cues, and public opinion perception on support for violence and anti-Muslim policies. We used an online survey experiment with a realistic, interactive website treat- ment detailing a homicide story in small-town America, written in the style of a false news article. We found that sensationalist language increased individuals’ support for violence by provoking feelings of anger and fear, while identifying the suspect in the homicide as a Muslim refugee, versus specifying no outgroup a liation, increased support for anti-Muslim policies. Lastly, perceived public support for violence increased the likelihood of upvoting or writing violent com- ments. This study contributes to our understanding of the ill e↵ects of false news and the public debate on online content moderation.