JEL classification

Journal of Economic Literature Classification (10696) L - Industrial Organization (954) L2 - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior (365) L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure: Markets vs. Hierarchies; Vertical Integration; Conglomerates; Subsidiaries (76)
Number of items at this level: 76.
Article
  • Adams, Renee B., Ferreira, Daniel (2009). Strong managers, weak boards? CESifo Economic Studies, 55(3-4), 482-514. https://doi.org/10.1093/cesifo/ifp023
  • Aghion, Philippe, Bloom, Nick, Van Reenen, John (2014). Incomplete contracts and the internal organization of firms. Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 30(1), i37-i63. https://doi.org/10.1093/jleo/ewt003
  • Barkema, Harry G., Bell, John H. J., Pennings, Johannes M. (1996). Foreign entry, cultural barriers, and learning. Strategic Management Journal, 17(2), 151-166. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199602)17:2<151::AID-SMJ799>3.0.CO;2-Z
  • Baudry, Marc, Faure, Anouk, Quemin, Simon (2021). Emissions trading with transaction costs. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2021.102468 picture_as_pdf
  • Bennett, Robert J, Smith, Harry, Montebruno, Piero, Van Lieshout, Carry (2022). Profitability of small- and medium-sized enterprises in Marshall’s time: sector and spatial heterogeneity in the nineteenth century. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 46(1), 219 - 249. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/beab055 picture_as_pdf
  • Bryson, Alex (2013). Do temporary agency workers affect workplace performance? Journal of Productivity Analysis, 39(2), 131-138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11123-012-0282-2
  • Commander, Simon, Estrin, Saul, De Silva, Thamashi (2024). Political connections, business groups and innovation in Asia. Comparative Economic Studies, 66(4), 639 - 660. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41294-023-00226-6 picture_as_pdf
  • Crawford, Ben (2025). The modern corporation: a critical survey. Contributions to Political Economy, 44(1), 33 - 55. https://doi.org/10.1093/cpe/bzaf002 picture_as_pdf
  • Dessein, Wouter, Garicano, Luis, Gertner, Robert (2010). Organizing for synergies. American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 2(4), 77-114. https://doi.org/10.1257/mic.2.4.77
  • Faure-Grimaud, Antoine, Inderst, Roman (2005). Conglomerate entrenchment under optimal financial contracting. American Economic Review, 95(3), 850 - 861. https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828054201260
  • Foreman-Peck, James, Hannah, Leslie (2025). Business forms and business performance in UK manufacturing 1871–81. Economic History Review, 78(4), 1231 - 1254. https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13392 picture_as_pdf
  • Fuchs, William, Garicano, Luis (2011). Matching problems with expertise in firms and markets. Journal of the European Economic Association, 8(2-3), 354-364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-4774.2010.tb00507.x
  • Fuchs, William, Garicano, Luis, Rayo, Luis (2015). Optimal contracting and the organization of knowledge. Review of Economic Studies, 82(2), 632 - 658. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdu043
  • Garicano, Luis, Hubbard, Thomas N. (2006). Firms' boundaries and the division of labor: empirical strategies. Journal of the European Economic Association, 1(2-3), 495-502. https://doi.org/10.1162/154247603322391134
  • Garicano, Luis, Hubbard, Thomas N. (2005). Hierarchical sorting and learning costs. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 58(2), 349-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2004.03.021
  • Huysentruyt, Marieke, Lefevere, Eva, Menon, Carlo (2013). Dynamics of retail-bank branching in Antwerp (Belgium) 1991–2006: evidence from micro-geographic data. Journal of Banking and Finance, 37(2), 291-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2012.08.023
  • Inderst, Roman, Laux, Christian (2005). Incentives in internal capital markets: capital constraints, competition, and investment opportunities. RAND Journal of Economics, 36(1), 215-228.
  • Macchiavello, Rocco (2011). Financial development and vertical integration: theory and evidence. Journal of the European Economic Association, 10(2), 255-289. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-4774.2011.01042.x
  • Macchiavello, Rocco (2010). Vertical integration and investor protection in developing countries. Journal of Development Economics, 93(2), 162-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2009.11.007
  • Macchiavello, Rocco (2022). Relational contracts and development. Annual Review of Economics, 14, 337 - 362. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-110722 picture_as_pdf
  • McGuire, Alistair, Fenn, Paul, Rickman, Neil (1994). Contracts, supply assurance and the delivery of health care. Journal of Health Economics, 13(2), 125-144.
  • Muniesa, Fabian, Chabert, Dominique, Ducrocq-Grondin, Marceline, Scott, Susan V. (2011). Back-office intricacy: the description of financial objects in an investment bank. Industrial and Corporate Change, 20(4), 1189-1213. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtr020
  • Ornelas, Emanuel, Turner, John L. (2008). Trade liberalization, outsourcing, and the hold-up problem. Journal of International Economics, 74(1), 225-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2007.02.005
  • Ornelas, Emanuel, Turner, John L. (2024). The costs and benefits of rules of origin in modern free trade agreements. Journal of International Economics, 147, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2023.103874 picture_as_pdf
  • Rodríguez-Pose, Andrés (2021). Costs, incentives, and institutions in bridging evolutionary economic geography and global production networks. Regional Studies, 55(6), 1011 - 1014. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1914833 picture_as_pdf
    • Chapter
  • Gibbs, Michael, Van der Stede, Wim A. (2025). The information organization: on changes in information technology and organizational design. In Glover, Jonathan, Penman, Stephen, Reichelstein, Stefan J. (Eds.), Foundations and Trends® in Accounting (pp. 116 - 223). Now Publishers Inc. https://doi.org/10.1561/1400000065 picture_as_pdf
    • Report
  • Redding, Stephen (2010). Theories of heterogeneous firms and trade. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP0994). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
    • Working paper
  • Alfaro, Laura, Charlton, Andrew (2007). Intra-industry foreign direct investment. (CEPDP 825). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Altomonte, Carlo, Di Mauro, Filippo, Ottaviano, Gianmarco Ireo Paolo, Rungi, Armando, Vicard, Vincent (2012). Global value chains during the great trade collapse a bullwhip effect? (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1131). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Anyfantaki, Sofia, Caloghirou, Yannis, Dellis, Konstantinos, Karadimitropoulou, Aikaterini, Petroulakis, Filippos (2024). The need for an industrial policy for long-term growth. (GreeSE Papers: Hellenic Observatory Discussion Papers on Greece and Southeast Europe 193). Hellenic Observatory, London School of Economics and Political Science. picture_as_pdf
  • Baldwin, Richard E., Robert-Nicoud, Frédéric (2007). Offshoring: general equilibrium effects on wages, production and trade. (CEPDP 794). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Bandiera, Oriana, Prat, Andrea, Sadun, Raffaella, Wulf, Julie (2012). Span of control and span of activity. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1139). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Bas, Maria, Carluccio, Juan (2009). Wage bargaining and the boundaries of the multinational firm. (CEP Discussion Paper 963). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Belenzon, Sharon, Berkovitz, Tomer (2007). Innovation in business groups. (CEPDP 833). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Berlingieri, Giuseppe, Marcolin, Luca, Ornelas, Emanuel (2021). Service offshoring and export experience. (CEP Discussion Papers 1775). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Berlingieri, Giuseppe, Pisch, Frank (2022). Managing export complexity: the role of service outsourcing. (CEP Discussion Papers 1843). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Bernard, Andrew B., Grazzi, Marco, Tomasi, Chiara (2012). Intermediaries in international trade: direct versus indirect modes of export. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1137). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Besley, Timothy, Ghatak, Maitreesh (2003). Competition and incentives with motivated agents. (Theoretical Economics; TE/2003/465 TE/03/465). Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines.
  • Bickwit, Grant, Ornelas, Emanuel, Turner, John L. (2018). Preferential trade agreements and global sourcing. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1581). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Boehm, Johannes (2015). The impact of contract enforcement costs on outsourcing and aggregate productivity. (CFM discussion paper series CFM-DP2015-28). Centre For Macroeconomics.
  • Boehm, Johannes (2015). The impact of contract enforcement costs onoutsourcing and aggregate productivity. (CEP Discussion Paper 1382). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Bolatto, Stefano, Naghavi, Alireza, Ottaviano, Gianmarco I. P., Zajc Kejzar, Katja (2020). Intellectual property and the organization of the global value chain. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1673). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Bosio, Erica, Djankov, Simeon, Jolevski, Filip, Ramalho, Rita (2020). Survival of firms during economic crisis. (Financial Markets Group Discussion Papers 797). Financial Markets Group, The London School of Economics and Political Science. picture_as_pdf
  • Bryson, Alex (2007). Temporary agency workers and workplace performance in the private sector. (Manpower Human Resources Lab discussion paper 3). Manpower Human Resource Lab, London School of Economics and Political Science.
  • Bustamante, Maria Cecilia, Donangelo, Andres (2014). Product market competition and industry returns. Social Science Research Network (SSRN).
  • Bustamante, Maria Cecilia, Donangelo, Andrés (2014). Product market competition and industry returns. (Financial Markets Group Discussion Papers 728). Financial Markets Group, The London School of Economics and Political Science. picture_as_pdf
  • Calligaris, Sara, Chaves, Miguel, Criscuolo, Chiara, De Lyon, Joshua, Greppi, Andrea, Pallanch, Oliviero (2024). Industry concentration in Europe: Trends and methodological insights. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP2063). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Cerasi, Vittoria, Daltung, Sonja (2002). Diversification and delegation in firms. (Financial Markets Group Discussion Papers 403). Financial Markets Group, The London School of Economics and Political Science.
  • Chen, Cheng, Steinwender, Claudia (2020). Import competition, heterogeneous preferences of managers and productivity. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1674). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Costa-i-Font, Joan, Kanavos, Panos (2007). Medicines in parallel trade in the European Union: a gravity specification. (LSE Health working papers 6/2007). London School of Economics and Political Science.
  • Crespi, Gustavo, Criscuolo, Chiara, Haskel, Jonathan (2007). Information technology, organisational change and productivity growth: evidence from UK firms. (CEPDP 783). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Defever, Fabrice (2011). Incomplete contracts and the impact of globalization on consumer welfare. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1057). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Defever, Fabrice (2010). The spatial organization of multinational firms. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1029). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Defever, Fabrice, Toubal, Farid (2007). Productivity and the sourcing modes of multinational firms: evidence from French firm-level data. (CEPDP 842). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Dietrich, Diemo, Gehrig, Thomas (2021). Speculative and precautionary demand for liquidity in competitive banking markets. (Systemic Risk Centre Discussion Papers 110). Systemic Risk Centre, The London School of Economics and Political Science. picture_as_pdf
  • Faure-Grimaud, Antoine, Inderst, Roman (2004). Conglomerate entrenchment under optimal financial contracting. (Financial Markets Group Discussion Papers 521). Financial Markets Group, The London School of Economics and Political Science. picture_as_pdf
  • Felli, Leonardo, Koenen, Johannes, Stahl, Konrad O (2011). Competition and trust: evidence from German car manufacturers. (CEPR discussion papers 8265). Centre for Economic Policy Research (Great Britain).
  • Fuchs, William, Garicano, Luis, Rayo, Luis (2014). Optimal contracting and the organization of knowledge. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1308). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Garavito, Fabian (2009). Organizational diseconomies in the mutual fund industry. (Financial Markets Group Discussion Papers 638). Financial Markets Group, The London School of Economics and Political Science. picture_as_pdf
  • Guadalupe, Maria (2005). Product market competition returns to skill and wage inequality. (CEPDP 686). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Hart, Oliver, Moore, John (2004). Agreeing now to agree later: contracts that rule out but do not rule in. (TE 472). Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines.
  • Hart, Oliver, Moore, John (1998). Cooperatives vs. outside ownership. (TE 346). Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines.
  • Hart, Oliver, Moore, John (1999). On the design of hierarchies: coordination versus specialization. (TE 375). Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines.
  • Helmers, Christian (2010). The effect of market entry on innovation: evidence from UK university incubators. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1002). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Huang, Hanwei, Manova, Kalina, Perello, Oscar, Pisch, Frank (2024). Firm heterogeneity and imperfect competition in global production networks. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP2020). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Lazear, Edward P., Shaw, Kathryn L., Stanton, Christopher (2014). Making do with less: working harder during recessions. (CEP Discussion Papers CEPDP1321). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Ornelas, Emanuel, Turner, John L. (2022). The costs and benefits of rules of origin in modern free trade agreements. (CEP Discussion Papers 1867). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance. picture_as_pdf
  • Ossa, Ralph (2007). Trade liberalization, outsourcing, and firm productivity. (CEPDP 814). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Prak, Maarten, Crowston, Clare, De Munck, Bert, Kissane, Christopher, Minns, Chris, Schalk, Ruben, Wallis, Patrick (2018). Access to the trade: monopoly and mobility in European craft guilds, 17th and 18th centuries. (Economic History working papers 282/2018). London School of Economics and Political Science.
  • Prat, Andrea (2004). The wrong kind of transparency. (Financial Markets Group Discussion Papers 498). Financial Markets Group, The London School of Economics and Political Science.
  • Qian, Yingyi, Roland, Gerard, Xu, Cheng-Gang (2003). Coordinating tasks in M-form and U-form organisations. Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines.
  • Robert-Nicoud, Frédéric (2006). Off-shoring of business services and de-industrialization: threat or opportunity - and for whom? (CEPDP 734). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Sanchez, Miguel A., Hortala-Vallve, Rafael (2005). Hierarchic contracting. (DARP 73). Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines.
  • Santos, Carlos Daniel (2009). Recovering the sunk costs of R&D: the moulds industry case. (CEP Discussion Paper 958). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance.
  • Sommer, Peter, Brown, Ian (2011). Reducing systemic cyber security risk. (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development Working Paper IFP/WKP/FGS(2011)3). Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.
  • Wallis, Patrick (2018). Guilds and mutual protection in England. (Economic History working papers 287). London School of Economics and Political Science, Economic History. picture_as_pdf